Machine for molding hollow ware from pulp



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. L. -DEERINGl MACHINE POR MOLDING HOLLOW WARE FROM PULP.

Patented July 14, 1896.

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MACHINE POR MOLDING HOLLOW WAR-E FROM PULP.

No. 563,753 Patented July 14, 1896.

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No. 563,753. Patented July 14, 1896.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

M. L. DEERING. MACHINE FOR Momma HULLOW WARE PROM PULP.

No. 563,753. Patented Julylll, 1896.

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UNITED STATES PATENT rErcE.

MARK L. DEERING, QF BROOKLYN, NEWT YORK.

MACHINE FOR MOLDING HOLLOW WARE FROM PULP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 563,753, dated July 14,1896.

ippiimion ma tammy 18, 189s. serial No. 462.8% (No models scription,reference being had to the accompanlvinf; drawings, forming' part ofthis specification.

This invention relates to improvements in pulp-molding; machines whichare specially designed for moldingl pails and other similar vessels, andby means of which a seamless vessel is formed; and the inventionconsists ,of a pulpanoldingl machine haring` substantially theconstruction herein described, shown, and claimed.

On the accompanying sheets of drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectionof the machine, with the mold open and a pail loose on the former; Fig.2, a vertical section with the mold contracted and a pail pressedAin'the mold; Fig. 3, a cross-section and plan in the planes .r af,Fig'. 1, showing the parts composin g the outer wall of the mold whenitis expanded; Fig. 4, a similar view in the planes y y, Fig. 2, showingthe same parts when the mold is contracted; Fig. 5, a view from belowthe mold when the outer wall is contracted and the former is withdrawnfrom the space surrounded thereby; Fig. (i, a pla-n of one of themold-sections inverted, illustratingl means provided for drainage; Fig.7, a front View of the same and removable facing.

Similar reference-numbers desigliate like parts in the different views.

The machine herein described is similar in many respects to thosepatented in Letters Patent No. 455,097, dated June 30, 1,291, and No.541,966, dated July 2, 1895.

The object of the present invention is to obviate the necessity ofpressing and removing' from the mold a surplus quanti@Y of pulp when avessel is formed, and to provide better means for the escape of thewater through the outerwall of the mold than is shown in either of themachines above designated, and to improve in certain other respects theconstruc-Y tion and opera-tion of such machines.

The machine is preferably operated byhydraulic power, which is suppliedby the piston l, contained in the base 2, and adapted to travel upwardtherefrom toward the hollow casting' 3, which is mounted on the columns4, secured in and supported by the base. 0n the upper end of the pistonis fixed a block 5, through which is a passage 5l, and from which extendarms U, that are provided at their outer ends with boxes adapted toslide on the columns 4. A plate is pivoted near its ed ge, as shown atS, on the top of this block or platform, having'a handle Si near theedge opposite the pivot, and. on the plate is fastened the hollow former10, corresponding in shape to the interior of the vessel to be molded,andv having grooves in its surface connected by holes with the spaceinside the former and covered with perforated sheet metal or wireg'auze,and also having an outlet 101 for waste water, the same in theserespects as formers are ordinariljT made. At the base of the former is aflange 102, and on this is a removable ring' 11, that fits snuglv aroundthe former.

In the bottom of the casting 3 is an annular plate 12, which is movablevertically, and has in its outer edge three grooves, or more if desired,and on the casting is a similar number of ribs 311, which project intothe grooves in the plate and furnish narrow bearing-surfaces on which itmay slide. The inner edge of this plate conforms to the edges of theliange 102 and ring 11, so that a close jointis made with these bytheplate, and the upper surface of the ring and that of the plate lie Hushwith each other when the former is elevated and the plate 7 is incontact with the plate 12, as shown in Fig. 2. A channel 121 is formedin the plate l2, with an openingin which is inserted a pipe 13, leading'into it from below, and with several ports 122 extending from it to theupper face of the plate. Three or four blocks 14 are fastened to thelower edge of the casting` 3, and are provided with set-screws whichform a stop under the plate 12. This plate is also provided near itsouter edge with an open channcl123, with which a pipe 124 is connected.

On the casting` 3 is another casting,l 15, fastened thereto by bolts orscrews, and having the hollow hub 16 extending downward from the mainpart of the casting. A collar 17 is mounted on the hub, ,being adaptedto slide thereon, and when it is in its lowest position its undersurface is below the end of the hub, so that a chamber 1S is formed bythe collar and the hub or head, the sides of the opening in the collarforming the lateral wall, and the end of the hub or headv the top, ofthe chamber. A ring of packing 171 is inserted in the collar around thehub, as shown. At the lower end of the hub is a steel plate 19, which issecured to the casting by the bolt 20. This bolt is tubular, so that itmay be utilized for another purpose also, as hereinafter explained. Theplate 19 has a shallow recess in its under side, and in this is inserteda round plate 191 of steel, which is slightly thicker in the center thanat the edge, and which is perforated, and provided with grooves in itsunder face, and with a porous covering 192, composed of several layersof sheet metal. The covering 192 overlaps the y upper face Vof the plateclose to the edge, and

is held by that plate and the plate 19, between which it is pinched, theplate 191 being secured to the other by screws passing through thelatter, as shown. A chamber 2l, equal in depth to the thickness of thecovering 192, is thusv formed between the plates, and with this chamberthe hollow bolt 29 is connected. The plate 191 and covering 192 extend alittle below the margin'of the plate 19, in case the machine is to beused for molding pails or any vessel having a chine, and the covering isso made that'it has a tendency to bulge slightly away from the plate, asdescribed and claimed in Letters Patent No. 536,189, dated March 26,1895.

Between the plate 12 and the collar 17 is the series of sections 22, toeach of which is pivoted a link 23, the link being also pivoted to ablock 24, fastened against the wall of the casting 3. These links extendinward and downward from the blocks to the sections, as represented inFigs. 1 and 2. Each of these sections is beveled on the face, asindicated in Figs. 3 and i, its face sloping backward on both sides fromaline which runs from the top to the bottom of the section midwaybetween its sides, so that'the face lies in two planes that intersecteach other on this line, one half of the face being on one 'side and theother half on the opposite side of the line. On the back of each ofthose sections are lugs 221, whose rear surfaces are inclined to eachother, as shown, at an angle equal to that made by the planes of theface. 'lhisseries of sections and the series of alternating sections 25are arranged. to slide on radial guides 26 and 2T on the collar 1T, andthe plate 12, and each of the sections 25 overlaps the faces of theadjacent sections, and is provided with a spring 28, which bears againstthe backs of the lugs 221 on those sections. The rear surfaces 251 ofeach of the sections 25 are inclined to one another at the same angle asare the parts which they overlap of the faces of the adjacent sections.X'Vhen this system of sections, which forms the outer wall of the mold,is

contracted, as shown in Fig. 4, the edges or' the sections 25 meet infront of the sections 22, so that the face of each of the sections 25should. conform in shape to an aliquot pari or' the surface of the bodyof the vessel which is to be molded. The plate 12 and collar 1T areconnected by the series of bolts 120.

In consequence of the special construction i and arrangement of thesections, as described, those numbered 25 may be made thick enou gli notto be un duly weakened by the application thereto of means for drainingthe mold, even though as many as sixteen sections are eniployed. Themeans provided for draining the mold through these sections is speciallillustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, and consists of a recess 252, cut in theface of each and extending from the top to the bottom, and havingdovetailed edges, the longitudinal grooves 2523.

'cut in the back of the recess and connected at the bottom with grooves25i, extending across the end and converging at the back of the section,where an exit 255 is furnished for.

the water, and of the facing 256, formed ot several layers of perforatedbrass and havin lis edges iitted to the dovetailed edges of the recess,so that it is adapted to be pushed into the recess from the bottom, andto be securely held therein with its surface flush with The margin 257of the section on each side olf 'he facing. Should it be desirable toremove 'he facing at any time either to repair it or to replace it byanother, this may be done, as will be explained hereinafter.

'Vhen the parts of. the mold are in the rcspective positions in whichthey are shown in Fig. 1, the distance from the under surface of thecollar 17 to the margin of the plate 1'. is equal to the shortestdistance from the side of the chamber 1S to the top of each of thesections 22, and the links 23 are so arranged with respect to thesesections that when the plate l2, the sections, and the collar are raiseduntil the lower face of the collar is flush with ille margin of theplate 19, the sections 22 are forced inward by the links so that themiddle of the face of each of these sections at the top is even with theinside of the collar, as shown in Fig. 2. A pipe 172, opening into themold. is fixed in the collar and extends up through ille top or casting15, in which it is loose, so lhat it may move up and down with thecollar.

In the base are iixed three or more pins 29, which register with acorresponding num ber of holes 30 in the block 5, and in the flange 102of the former and the plate 7 are similar holes in which are pins 31,which have heads on their upper ends that rest in cavities in iheflange. The pins 29 are of such length lhat when the block 5 is close tothe base the fons of these pins are flush with the top of the block, andthe pins 31 are a little longer than the coinbined thickness of theflange of the former and the plate 7. The upper ends of the lixed pinsand the lower ends of the others are rounded.

The ine 2O in the head and a ii e lead- IIO ing from the chamber 51 inthe block 5, are connected with a vacnunrpump, and the pipe 13 isconnected with a tank containing the pulp.

Supposing the parts of the mold to be in relative positions such as areindicated in Fi g. 1, the former being elevated so that it closes theopening in the plate 12 and occupies the space outlined by the dottedlines in that figure, then the mold is ready to be charged with pulp..lustbefore the pulp is admitted to the mold the valve is opened throughwhich communication is made with the pipes and 52 by the vacuum-pump,this pump being ordinarially kept running continuously. The pulp isforced into the mold by pressure, produced by means of an elevated tankor forcepump, and flows through the pipe 13, channel 121, and ports 122until it fills the space between the former and the sections surrounding it, and the chamber 18 in the collar 17. lfVhen the pulp overflowsfrom the pipe 17 2, which serves as an indicator, the operator knowsthat the mold is full, and he then cuts off the stream of pulp andcloses the valve in the pipe 1'7 2. An experienced operator, how-` ever,is not likely to depend on this pipe in order to determine when the moldis full, since by keeping his eye on the gage- Of the vacuumpump he candetermine this with equal certainty, and thus save the trouble ofturning the valve in the pipe 172, allowing this to remain closed all ofthe time. The mold being' filled, the valve in the pipe through whichwater is pumped to actua-te the piston yis then opened, and the former,the plate 1,2, the sections, and the collar 17, together with the block5 and the plate 7, are raised by the piston until the under surface ofthe collar flush with the margin of the plate 1S) and the sections areeven at the top with the edge of the opening in the collar, where theymeet the edge of the head, the sections 22 being forced inward by thelinks 23, as above described, and carrying with them the sections 25,which are held tightly against the faces of the sections 22 by thesprings 2S. The water is squeezed out of the pulp into the former andthe chamber 21 in the head and through the faces of the sections 25. ltpasses down in the grooves 253 to the plate 12 and flows out behind thesections on the plate through the grooves 25a andexit 255, and thenceinto the channel 123, and from this into the waste-pipe 124, and fromthe head andthe former it is exhausted by the vacuum-- pump. By thisopera-tion the pulp is compressed into the forni of a pail or similarvessel 332, and there is no surplus quantity of pulp such as remainsafter the formation of a vessel in each of the other machines abovementioned. The vacuum in the head is then broken, but not the vacuum inthe former, and the piston and parts supported by it are allowed todescend, whereupon the vessel is separated from the head and thesections arc retracted from the sides of the vessel by the links 23, thesections 25 being pushed back by the sections 22 acting against thesprings 28. The vacuum helps to keep the vessel from being ruptured whenthe sections are withdrawn from it. The downward movement of the plate12, the sections, and the collar is arrested by the stop formed by theset-screws in the blocks 14C, these parts having then returned to therespective positions which they occupied when the mold was charged withpulp, but the piston and the other parts supported thereon continued todescend, the vacuum in the former being broken while they are in motionuntil the former is below the casting 3 and the block 5 is close to thebase. As these parts approach the base the pins 29 are received in theholes 30 in the block 5, and when their upper ends meet the lower endsof the pins 31 the ring 11 is separated from its seat, and the vessel isthereby loosened from the former so that it may be easily removedtherefrom. The former is next drawn forward on the plate 7 by the handle9, the pins 31 sliding oli the pins 29 and over the surface ofthe block5. The pail is then lifted off the former. After this the former isrestored to its position directly under the opening in the plate 12, andis elevated until the opening is closed by it as above described, thering 11 dropping into its seat or being forced into it by contact withthe plate 12, and the pins 31 descending through the plate 7 into theblock 5, as shown in Fig. 2.

In order to remove one or more of the facings 256 of the sections 25from the machine, the piston is raised until the parts supported therebyare in the positions indicated in Fig. 2, respectively, then wooden orother blocks are inserted between the plate 12 and the setscrews in theblocks 14, to prevent this plate and the sections and collar fromdescending, and the piston is lowered until the former is withdrawn fromthe opening in the plate. As the faces of the sections then extendbeyond the edge of that opening, as shown in Fig. 5,

any of the facings 256 may be drawn downward through the opening, andthus separated from the section.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine for molding vessels from pulp, the combination of thehead, the sliding collar mounted thereon and adapted to rest with itsunder surface below thehead, whereby a chamber 18 is formed, thecontracting and expanding system of sections with their upper ends incontact with the collar, means whereby the sections are forced inward asthey are raised, a plate adapted to rest against the lower ends of thesections, the former adapted to project above this plate into the spacesurrounded by the sections, and mech- 'anism whereby the former andplate together with the sections and collar are lifted, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a machine for moldingvcssels fron IOO IIO

pulp, the combination of the head, the sliding collar mounted thereonand adapted to rest with its'under surface below the head, vwhereby achamber 1S is formed, the contracting and expanding system of sectionswith their upper ends in contact with the collar, means whereby thesections are forced inward as they are raised, a plate adapted torestagainst the lower ends of the sections, and provided with a centralopening, the former adapted to be inserted in the opening in this plateand to project above it into the space surrounded by the sections, andthe piston on which the former is mounted and whereby the former andplate together with the sections and collar are lifted, substantially asdescribed.

15. In a machine for molding Vessels from. pulp, the combination of thehead, the sliding collar mounted thereon and adapted to rest with itsunder surface below the head, whereby a chamber IS is formed, thecontracting and expanding system of sections with their upper ends incontact with the collar, means whereby the sections are forced inward asthey are raised, a plate adapted to rest against the lower ends of thesections, and provided with a central opening, bolts connecting theplate with the collar, the former adapted to be inserted in the openingin the plate and to project above it .into the space surrounded by thesections, and the piston on which the former is mounted and whereby theformer and plate together with the sections and collar are lifted,substantially as described.

4. In a machine for molding vessels from pulp, the combination of thehead, the sliding collar mounted thereon and adapted to rest with itsunder surface below the head, whereby a chamber 1S is formed, thecontracting and expanding system of sections with their upper ends incontact with the collar, means whereby the sections are forced inward.as they are raised, a plate adapted to rest against the lower ends ofthe sections, bolts whereby the sections are secured aga-i nst thecollar, the former adapted to project above the plate into the spacesurrounded by the sections, and mechanism whereby the former and platetogether with the sections and collar are lifted, substantially asdescribed.

In aanachine for molding Vessels from pulp, the combination of the head,the sliding collar mounted thereon, and adapted to rest with its undersurface below the head, whereby a chamber IS is formed, the contractingand expamling system of sections with their upper ends in contact withthe collar, means whereby the sections are forced inward. as they areraised, a plate adapted to rest against the lower ends of the sections,bolts whereby the sections are secured against the collar, guides onwhich the sections travel, the former adapted to project above the plateinto the space surrounded by the sections, and mechanism whereby theformer and plate together with the sections and collar are lifted,substantially as described.

G. In a machine for molding vessels rom pulp, the combination of thehead, the sliding collar mounted thereon and adapted io rest with itsunder surface below the head, whoreby a chamber 1S is formed, thecontracting and expanding system of sections with their upper ends incontact with the collar. means whereby the sections are forced inward asthey are raised, a plate adapted to rest against the lower ends of thesections, and provided with a central opening, bolts connectingl theplate with the collar, guides on which the sections travel, the formeradapted to be inu sorted in the opening in the plate and io orojeetabove it into the space surrounded bv the sections, and the piston onwhich the toi-incr is mounted and whereby the former and mate togetherwith the sections and collar are lifted, substantially as described.

7. In a machine for molding vessels from pulp, the combination of thehead, the sliding collar mounted thereon and adapted to rest with itsunder surface below the head, whereby a chamber 18 is formed, thecontraciing and expanding system of sect-ions with their upper ends incontact with the collar, means whereby the sections are forced inward asi they are raised, a plate adapted to rest against the lower ends of thesections, bolts whereby the sections are secured against the collar. astop whereby the collar is preiented from d escending entirely below thehead, the former adapted to project above the plate into the spacesurrounded by the sections, and mechanism whereby the former and platetogether with the sections and collar are lifted. substantially asdescribed.

S. In a .machine for molding vessels from pulp, the combination of thehead, the sliding collar mounted thereon and adapted to rest with itsunder surface below the head` w nereby a chamber 1S is formed, thecontracting and expanding system of sections with their upper ends incontact with the collar. means whereby the sections are forced inward asthey are raised, a plate adapted to rest against the lower ends of thesections, and provided with a central opening, bolts connectingI theplate with the collar, a stop underneath the plate, the former adaptedto be inserted in the opening in the plate and to project above it intothe space surrounded by the sections, and the piston on which the formeris m muted and whereby the former and plate together with the sectionsand collar are lifted. .substantially as described.

9. In a machine for molding Vessels from pulp, the combination with topand bottom plates of the series of movable sections 22 each having itsface in two planes,wh ich inte rsect each other in a line running fromthe top to the bottom of the section midway between its sides, and whichslope backward from that line, the sections 25 adapted to close thelspaces between the sections 22, and to be actuated in common with thosesections, and mechanism whereby the system of sections is contracted andexpanded, substantially as described.

lO. In a machine for molding vessels from pulp, the combination with topand bottom plates ol the series of sections 22 each having' its face intwo planes which intersect each other in a line running from the top tothe bottom of the section midway between its sides, and which slopebackward from that line, means whereby those sections are forced inwardand retracted, and the sections 25 interposed between, and overlapping,and conforming to the faces of, the sections 22, and connected withthose sections at the back, substantially as described.

ll. In a machine formolding vessels from pulp, the combination with topand bottom plates of the series of sections 22 each having its face intwo planes which intersect each other in a line running' from the top tothe bottom of the section midway between its sides, and which slopebackward from that line, links whereby those sections are forced inward,the sections 25 interposed between, and overlapping, and conforming tothe faces of, the sections and means whereby all the sections areretracted together, substantially as described.

l2. In a machine for molding` vessels from pulp, the combination withtop and bottom plates of the series of sections 22 each having its facein two planes which intersect each other in a line running from the topto the bottom of the section midway between its sides, and which slopebackward from that line, and having lugs 221 at the back, means wherebythose sections are forced inward and retracted, and the sections 25interposed between, and overlapping,'and conforming,` to the faces of,the sections 22, and provided with springs 28 which hear against thelugs 221 on the other sections, substantially as described.

13. In a machine for molding vessels from pulp, the combination with topand bottoni plates of the series of sections 22 each having its face intwo planes which intersect each other in a line running` from the top tothe bottom of the section midway between its sides, and which slopebackward from that line, and having` lugs 221 at the back, links pivotedto those sections, the sections 25 interposed between, and overlapping,and conforming to the faces of, the sections 22, and provided withsprings 28 which bear against the lugs 221 on the other sections, andmechanism whereby the links 23 are actua-ted, substantially asdescribed.

li. In a machine for molding,` vessels from pulp, the combination of acontracting` and expanding system of mold-sections, provided withdetachable porous facings, and a plate in contact with the ends ofthesections and provided with an opening beyond whose edges the faces ofthe sections project when the system is contracted, substantially asdescribed.

l5. In a machine for molding vessels from pulp, the combination with theformer arranged to swing outward, and provided with a ring` Il, ofmovable pins 3l under the ring, and fixed pins 29 on which. the movablepins may rest with their lower ends even with the surface over which theformer moves, and with their upper ends above the bed of such ring,substantially as described.

i6. In a machine for molding` vessels from pulp, the combination of theformer arranged to swing outward, the ring 1l, the pins 3l inserted inthe bed on which the ring lies, the block 5 over whose surface theformer moves and in which are the holes 30, and the fixed pins 29adapted to extend through the holes 30 and remain flush with the uppersurface of the block 5, when the former is in its lowest position,substantially as described.

MARK Ii. DEERING. In presence of CHAs. COLEMAN MILLER, S. G. MnrcALr.

